Condensed Phase Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry: A Direct Alternative to Fully Exploit the Mass Spectrometry Potential in Environmental Sample Analysis

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is a direct technique used to monitor online chemical systems or quickly quantify trace levels of different groups compounds in complex matrices without extensive sample preparation steps and chromatographic separation. MIMS utilizes thin, semi-permeable, selective membrane that directly connects the spectrometer. The analytes are pre-concentrated by depending on their physicochemical properties transferred, using acceptor phases (gas, liquid vacuum) Condensed phase (CP) use as medium, extending range new applications less-volatile challenging unsuitable gas-phase MIMS. It allows rapid quantification selected matrices, monitoring reactions (in real-time), well situ measurements. CP-MIMS has expanded beyond measurement several organic because types phases, geometries, dimensions, spectrometers. This review surveys advancements its molecules over past 15 years.